Selecting the Sample for the Long-Term Trend AssessmentThe sample for the 2004 long-term trend assessment was selected using a complex multistage sampling design that involved sampling students from selected schools within selected geographic areas across the country. The sampling design had the following stages:
Each selected school that participated in the assessment and each student assessed represents a portion of the population of interest. Some smaller populations were oversampled to ensure sufficient representation. Therefore, sampling weights are needed to make valid inferences between the student samples and the respective populations from which they were drawn. Sampling weights adjust for disproportionate representation due to such oversampling. The target population consisted of 9-, 13-, and 17-year-old students. Eligibility for the age 9 and age 13 samples was based on calendar year: students in the age 9 sample were 9 years old on January 1, 2004, with birth months January 1994 through December 1994; and students in the age 13 sample were 13 years old on January 1, 2004, with birth months January 1990 through December 1990. Students eligible for the age 17 sample had to be 17 years old on October 1, 2004, with birth months October 1986 through September 1987. View a summary of the long-term trend mathematics school and student participation rates. View a summary of the long-term trend reading school and student participation rates.
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