The findings of this study suggest that even though distance education participation rates were relatively low in 1999-2000 (8 percent of undergraduates and 10 percent of graduate and first-professional students reported taking distance education courses), clear patterns of participation emerged for both undergraduates and graduate/first professional students. Students who reported participating tended to be those with family responsibilities and limited time. They were more likely to be enrolled in school part time and to be working full time while enrolled.